Telephone-transmitter



(No Model.)

P. G. SARGBNT. TELEPHONE TRANSMITTER.

; Patented Oct. 5, 1886. 22 2/11,

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NITED STATES PATENT ()FFICE.

FREDERICK o. SARGENT, or WEsTFoRD, ltIASSACHUSETTS.

TELEPHONE-TRANSMITTER.

, FECIFICATIOIT forming part of Letters Patent No. 350,215, dated October 5, 1886.

Application tiled May 6, 1856. Serial No. JOLL S.

phonic Transmitters, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to telephonic transmitters; and it consists in the combinations and device hereinafter described and claimed.-

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a battery, a vibrator connected to the battery, a mouthpiece, a diaphragm in the rear of said mouth-piece so connected with said vibrator that a movement of one causes the movement of the other,-a non-conducting vessel containing a conducting-liquid, two conducting-points connected to the other pole of said battery and arranged on opposite sides of said vibrator and entering said liquid, an induction-coil placed in the wire which connects one of said points to said battery, and a main line connected to the secondary coil of said in.- duction-coil, Fig. 2 representing substantially what is shown in Fig. 1, except that the conducting-points, which are connected with a pole of the battery, are not placed on opposite sides of the vibrator, but beneath the same, the vibrator being connected to the opposite pole of the battery, as shown in Fig. 1, but being a pivoted lever provided with two adjust-' able points arranged immediately over the first-named contact-points and adjustable to a greater or less nearness to said firstnamed points, the vibrator in Fig. 2 being turned upon its fulcrum by the vibration of the diaphragm.

The transmitter, hereinafter described, is similar to that shown in an application'filed by me April 21, 1886, No. 199,581, in the respcct thata vibrator or spring connected to one pole of the battery is caused, by the i111- pact of sound-waves upon a diaphragm, to vary inversely the resistance of two lines which connect the other pole of said battery with said vibrator, one of said lines last named containing an induction-coil arranged to send an induced current of varying intensity over the main line, but is unlike said application in the means employed to vary the resistance of said two lines.

(No model.)

In both figures, B is a' battery, one pole of" which is connected by wire Z to the holder 11,

(of conducting material,) which supports a couductingvibrator; D, a diaphragm; D, a

month-piece flaring outward,from the diaphragm in the usual manner; ll lines which connect the other pole of the'battery to adj ustable conducting-points U, these points being of metal and screw-threaded and turning in threaded holes in a vessel, V, of non-conducting material, the screwsU being adjusted to regulate theamount of their projection into said vessel \V, and being prevented from turning accidentally by check-nuts a, interposed between the heads a of said screws and the sides of said vessel; I, an inductiorrcoil placed in the line I, and having its serondary coil connected to the main line L.

- Vibrators of different forms are represented in the two figures. In Fig. l the vibrator V is a metallic spring supported by the holder '0 at its upper end, its lower end reaching down into the vessel XV and dipping into a liquid, 10, of less conductivity or' greater resistance than the conducting screws U. The diaphragm D may be attached -to the vibrator directly and beloosely in contact with the mouthpieceD, as shown in Figs. 1,-5, and 6 of said previousapplicatiomor may be, as shown herein, in contact with an elastic buffer, 2/, secured -to the diaphragm D, the diaphragm being secured at its edgcsto themouth piece. In Fig.

1 the screws U are placed on opposite sides of the vibrator, so that a vibration of the diaphragm, caused by the impact of sonnd-waves thereon, will cause the vibrator to approach one of said screws asit recedes from the other.

The battery-circuit is closed through the line Z, vibrator V, liquid to, the screws U, and branches 1 Z back to the battery. The circuit through each of the branches Z Z to the vibrator V is completed through the liquid in, and, leaving out theiuduction coil, the resistance of the branches 1 1' (if of equal length) would be equal if the vibrator were exactly in-.

.tern iediate between the points of the two screws U; but when the vibrator is set in mo- \tion the resistance of these branches varies inversely, the resistance of one of them being decreased as the vibrator approaches the screw which lies in that branch, and the resistance of the other branch being increased proportionl Ov ately and simultaneously by the vibrator receding from its screw. Evidently, therefore, the vibration of the diaphragm, and conse* quently of the vibrator, will cause currents of vary ng lntensity to pass over the line Z, and, as this line contains the induction-coil I, will cause an induced current of varying intensity to be sent to the main line, which, as above stated, is connected to the secondary coil of said induction-coil.

In Fig. 2 the vibrator consists of a lever, V, provided at its middle portion with avertical spring, v",-the upper end of which is confined between two studs, '0, the vibrator being pivoted at c and being connected through the spring :0 to one pole of the battery, the vertical spring tending to hold the vibrating lever V in a horizontal position. One end of the vlbrator V is provided with an upwardly-extending arm, N, which touches an elastic buffer, like that described above and shown in Fig. 1, placed in contact with the diaphragm D Evidently a vibration of the diaphragm will cause an oscillation of the lcverV upon its pivot. The vibrator V is provided near its ends with vertical screws U, which turn in' threaded holes in said vibrator, for purposes of adyustment, and projectdownwardinto the liquid 10. Immediately below the screws U are placed screws U, precisely like the screws U in Fig. 1, and adjusted and prevented from turning by the same means and serving the same purpose, being connected by the branches 1 Z- to the other pole of the battery B.

The operation of the devices shown in Fig.

2 is precisely the same as the operation of the devices shown in Fig. 1, the oscillation of the lever or vibrator V varying the resistance of the branches Z P inversely by varying the distance through which the currents over these branches are compelled to pass through the liquidbetween the screws U and the vibrator V or screws U, which amounts to the same thing, because, of course, the screws U might be omitted, and the ends of the vibrator bent downward, to dip into the liquid to, the adjustment between the vibrator and the branches Z 7* being secured by means of the screws U alone. Substantially the same result might be attained by using,in place of the llquid w, a liquid of less resistance or greater conductivity than the screws U, as in either case the successful operation of the transmitter would depend upon inversely varying the resistance of the lines or branches Z 7*, or, What amounts to the same thing, inversely va rying the conductivity of said branches, the variation in either case being brought about by introducing greater or less lengths of liquid conductors into said branches, said liquid conductors having a different degree of con ductivity trom'the other part of said branches.

The main line may be operated directly from the battery without an induced current, if desired, as shown in said pending application.

.1 claim as my invention 1. The combination of a generator of electricity, a single conductor connected to one pole thereof, two separate conductors or branches connected to the other pole thereof and terminating in a liquid having a different degree of conductivity or resistance from said branches, and a conducting-vibrator connected to said first-named conductor and adapted to be vibrated in said liquid by the impact of sound-waves, to vary the distance inversely to each other from the terminals of said branches to said vibrator, and thereby to cause currents of oppositely-varying intensities'in said branches, as and for the purpose specified.

2. A telephonic transmitter consisting of a conducting-vibrator adapted to be vibrated by sound-waves and to be connected to one pole of a generator of electricity by a single conductor, a liquid in which said vibrator vibrates, adapted to be connected to the other pole of said generatorby two separate couductors or'branches, having a different degree of conductivity from said liquid and having their terminals in said li-quid,in order that the distances between said vibrator and the terminals of said branches may be varied inversely to each other, to cause currents of oppositelyvarying intensities in said branches by the \i bration of said vibrator, as and for the pun pose specified.

3. A telephonic transmitter consisting of a conducting-vibrator adapted to be vibrated by sound-waves and to be connected to one pole of generator of electricity by a single conduct or, at liquid in which said vibrator vibrates, adapted to be connected to the other pole of said generator by two separate conductors or branches, having a different degree of conductivity from said liquid and having their terminals in said liquid, in order that the distances between said vibrator and the terminals of said branches may be varied inversely to each other to cause currents of oppositely-varying intensities in said branches by the vibration of said vibrator, in combination with a main line and an induction-coil, the primary coil of which is in one of said last-named conductors, and the secondary coil of which is in said main line, whereby the variation oftintensity in the induced current over the main line will correspond with the vibrations of said vibrator, as and for the purpose specified.

FREDERICK G SARGENT.

TVitncsscs: 1

ARTHUR B. PLIMPTON, G. HENRY PRESCOTT.

IIO 

